Degenerative disc disease (DDD) is a leading cause of chronic neck and low-back pain worldwide. Over time—through aging, repetitive loading, posture issues, or prior injury—intervertebral discs lose water, height, and elasticity. As these natural shock absorbers dehydrate and collapse, the spine’s cushioning and stability decline, predisposing to disc bulge/herniation, nerve irritation, inflammation, and persistent pain that […]
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