Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most common degenerative joint conditions, affecting millions of people worldwide. As cartilage gradually breaks down, patients experience chronic knee pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced mobility. Traditional treatments—such as pain medications, steroid injections, or physical therapy—help with short-term relief but do not repair the underlying tissue damage.
Today, stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising regenerative option for individuals seeking long-term symptom improvement and joint restoration. In Thailand and globally, umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSC stem cells) are now being used to reduce inflammation, regenerate cartilage, and improve overall knee joint function.
How Stem Cell Therapy Helps Knee Osteoarthritis
Knee osteoarthritis involves chronic inflammation, cartilage degeneration, and reduced lubrication inside the joint. UC-MSC stem cells have powerful anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, and regenerative properties, making them ideal for supporting joint repair.
Stem cells can help knee osteoarthritis by:
- Reducing inflammation in the joint
UC-MSC stem cells release cytokines that calm inflammatory pathways responsible for swelling, stiffness, and pain. - Stimulating cartilage repair and protection
Stem cells secrete growth factors such as TGF-β, IGF-1, and VEGF, which support cartilage regeneration and reduce further deterioration. - Improving lubrication and joint mechanics
Stem cell therapy increases hyaluronic acid production, leading to smoother joint movement and reduced friction. - Enhancing blood flow and tissue healing
Improved microcirculation helps surrounding tissues recover faster and maintain healthier structure. - Slowing or preventing disease progression
By reducing inflammation and protecting cartilage, stem cells may slow the long-term progression of osteoarthritis.
These combined effects often translate into less pain, better mobility, improved flexibility, and enhanced daily function.
Recommended Dose of Stem Cells for Knee Osteoarthritis
While dosing varies by clinic and patient needs, research and clinical practice commonly use the following guidelines:
Local Injection Dose
A typical intra-articular stem cell injection for knee osteoarthritis may range from:
- 20–40 million UC-MSCs per knee for mild to moderate osteoarthritis
- 40–80 million UC-MSCs per knee for moderate to severe osteoarthritis
Higher doses may provide stronger anti-inflammatory and cartilage-supporting effects, especially in patients with advanced degeneration.
Intravenous (IV) Dose
To enhance systemic anti-inflammatory benefits, some programs combine local knee injections with IV therapy:
- 50–100 million UC-MSCs intravenously
This helps reduce whole-body inflammation and supports long-term joint recovery.
Double-Dose or Multi-Dose Cycles
Many patients achieve better outcomes with a double-dose protocol or two sessions spaced 4–12 weeks apart.
This approach provides:
- stronger cumulative regeneration
- prolonged symptom control
- better cartilage protection
- improved mobility and function over time
The ideal dose depends on severity, age, weight, and treatment goals, and should be determined by a regenerative medicine specialist.
Expected Symptom Improvements
Most patients experience gradual improvements over 2–12 weeks, with continuous benefits over several months. Common outcomes include:
- Reduced knee pain and soreness
- Decreased morning stiffness
- Better walking endurance
- Easier stair climbing
- Increased joint flexibility
- Less swelling and inflammation
- Improved quality of life
With consistent physical therapy, weight management, and supportive supplements, results may last 12 months or longer.
Success Factors for Stem Cell Therapy
Stem cell therapy is most effective when supported by:
- Accurate diagnosis and imaging (X-ray or MRI)
- Proper dosing based on severity
- High-quality UC-MSCs produced under GMP standards
- Post-treatment rehabilitation (strength training, mobility exercises)
- Lifestyle optimization such as weight control and anti-inflammatory nutrition
Patients with earlier-stage osteoarthritis often see the best outcomes, as there is more healthy cartilage to protect and regenerate.
Conclusion
Stem cell therapy is becoming a leading option for individuals suffering from knee osteoarthritis who want long-lasting relief without surgery. By reducing inflammation, repairing cartilage, and improving joint lubrication, UC-MSC therapy offers a regenerative solution that targets the root cause of knee degeneration.
With the right dose, proper treatment protocol, and supportive rehabilitation, many patients achieve meaningful improvements in mobility, comfort, and overall joint function.